Torus and exostosis are excess bony structures  that develop on the outer surface of the jawbones. These excess bony structures may develop due to hereditary predisposition and other environmental factors such as clenching and grinding. They are usually benign and do not require removal. However, they may interfere with denture seating and difficulty in cleansing if torus or exostosis grows next to tooth/teeth. If so, torus/exostosis removal is recommended.

Alveoplasty is a procedure where irregularities of the jawbone are smoothened. These irregularities in the jawbone can occur after extractions and may cause sore spots and poor denture fitting. Alveoplasty can be done either at the time of extraction or over an area where teeth had been removed previously.